Caractérisation des micro-organismes dans les taches de...

Notes: Resumen: The involvement of fungi in the formation of foxing on the paper is not yet clear. their presence, concentrated in the colored areas is long established but the identity of all species is unknown because of the difficulty of using the traditional methods of morphological identification. Based on the analysis of a book of the 19th century greatly damaged by these brown spots, and using new analytical approaches beyond the isolation and culture of microorganisms, we were able to advance in the characterization of these fungi. With the ATPmetry a high concentration of viable elements in the stained areas and that are not found outside the spots, has been demonstrated. By analysis of ribosomal DNA, the presence of a diverse population of species in the colored areas, was highlighted. From 110 spots, 298 strains were identified belonging to 23 species distributed in 13 genera: Aspergillus, gibberella, Bjerkandera, Bulleromyces, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Gloeotinia, Penicillium, Polyporus , Saccharicola, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Verticillium. Another approach to species identification by the search for mycotoxins using HPLC-UV, HPLC-MSn and HPLC-fluorescence, was unsuccessful, probably due to too low concentration of these secondary metabolites, well below the thresholds detection of the current equipment.
Texto en francés